关键字

本章介绍 MatrixOne 的关键字，在 MatrixOne 中对保留关键字和非保留关键字进行了分类，你在使用 SQL 语句时，可以查阅保留关键字和非保留关键字。

关键字是 SQL 语句中具有特殊含义的单词，例如 SELECT，UPDATE，DELETE 等等。

保留关键字：关键字中需要经过特殊处理才能作为标识符的字，被称为保留关键字。

将保留关键字作为标识符使用时，必须使用反引号包裹，否则将产生报错：

\\未将保留关键字 select 使用反引号包裹，产生报错
mysql> CREATE TABLE select (a INT);
ERROR 1064 (HY000): SQL parser error: You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MatrixOne server version for the right syntax to use. syntax error at line 1 column 19 near " select (a INT)";

\\正确将保留关键字 select 使用反引号包裹
mysql> CREATE TABLE `select` (a INT);
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)

非保留关键字：关键字中可以直接作为标识符，被称为非保留关键字。

将非保留关键字作为标识符使用时，可以直接使用，无需使用反引号包裹。

\\BEGIN 未非保留关键字，可以无需使用反引号包裹
mysql> CREATE TABLE `select` (BEGIN int);
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

Note

与 MySQL 不同，在 MatrixOne 中，如果使用了限定符.，保留关键字如果不使用反引号包裹也会产生报错，建议在创建表和数据库时，避免使用保留关键字：

mysql> CREATE TABLE test.select (BEGIN int);
ERROR 1064 (HY000): SQL parser error: You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MatrixOne server version for the right syntax to use. syntax error at line 1 column 24 near "select (BEGIN int)";

保留关键字

A

ADD
ADDDATE
ADMIN_NAME
AFTER
ALL
ALTER
ANALYZE
AND
APPROX_COUNT
APPROX_COUNT_DISTINCT
APPROX_PERCENTILE
AS
ASC
ASCII
AUTOEXTEND_SIZE
AUTO_INCREMENT
AVG

B

BACKEND
BETWEEN
BINARY
BINDINGS
BIT_AND
BIT_CAST
BIT_OR
BOOLEAN
BOTH
BSI
BTREE
BY

C

CALL
CASCADED
CASE
CAST
CHANGE
CHAR
CHARACTER
CHECK
CIPHER
CLIENT
CLUSTER_CENTERS
COALESCE
COLLATE
COLLATION
COLUMN
COLUMN_NUMBER
CONFIG
CONNECT
CONSTRAINT
CONVERT
COPY
COUNT
CREATE
CREDENTIALS
CROSS
CURDATE
CURRENT
CURRENT_DATE
CURRENT_ROLE
CURRENT_TIME
CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
CURRENT_USER
CURRVAL
CURTIME

D

DATABASE
DATABASES
DATE
DATE_ADD
DATE_SUB
DAY_HOUR
DAY_MICROSECOND
DAY_MINUTE
DAY_SECOND
DEALLOCATE
DECLARE
DEFAULT
DELAYED
DELETE
DENSE_RANK
DESC
DESCRIBE
DISABLE
DISCARD
DISTINCT
DIV
DRAINER
DROP

E

ELSE
ELSEIF
ENABLE
ENCLOSED
END
ESCAPE
ESCAPED
EVENT
EVENTS
EXCEPT
EXCLUSIVE
EXECUTE
EXISTS
EXPLAIN
EXTERNAL
EXTRACT

F

FAILED_LOGIN_ATTEMPTS
FALSE
FILE
FILL
FIRST
FOLLOWING
FOR
FORCE
FOREIGN
FROM
FULLTEXT
FUNCTION

G

GRANTS
GROUP
GROUPS
GROUP_CONCAT

H

HANDLER
HAVING
HEADERS
HIGH_PRIORITY
HOUR
HOUR_MICROSECOND
HOUR_MINUTE
HOUR_SECOND

I

IDENTIFIED
IF
IGNORE
ILIKE
IMPORT
IN
INDEX
INFILE
INLINE
INNER
INOUT
INPLACE
INSERT
INSTANT
INT1
INT2
INT3
INT4
INT8
INTERSECT
INTERVAL
INTO
INVISIBLE
INVOKER
IS
ISSUER
ITERATE
IVFFLAT

J

JOIN
JSONTYPE

K

KEY
KILL

L

LAST
LASTVAL
LEADING
LEAVE
LEFT
LIKE
LIMIT
LINES
LOAD
LOCALTIME
LOCALTIMESTAMP
LOCK
LOCKS
LOOP
LOW_PRIORITY

M

MANAGE
MATCH
MAX
MAXVALUE
MEDIAN
MERGE
MICROSECOND
MID
MIN
MINUS
MINUTE
MINUTE_MICROSECOND
MINUTE_SECOND
MOD
MODIFY
MODUMP
MYSQL_COMPATIBILITY_MODE

N

NATURAL
NEXT
NEXTVAL
NONE
NOT
NOW
NULL
NULLS

O

ON
OPTIONAL
OPTIONALLY
OR
ORDER
OUT
OUTER
OUTFILE
OVER
OWNERSHIP

P

PARSER
PARTITION
PASSWORD
PASSWORD_LOCK_TIME
PERCENT
PLUGINS
POSITION
PRECEDING
PREPARE
PREV
PRIMARY
PRIVILEGES
PUMP

Q

QUERY_RESULT
QUICK

R

RANDOM
RANK
RECURSIVE
REFERENCE
REFERENCES
REGEXP
RELOAD
RENAME
REPEAT
REPLACE
REQUIRE
RESET
RESTRICTED
RETURNS
REUSE
REVERSE
RIGHT
ROUTINE
ROW
ROWS
ROW_COUNT
ROW_NUMBER
RTREE

S

SAMPLE
SAN
SCHEMA
SCHEMAS
SECOND
SECONDARY
SECOND_MICROSECOND
SECURITY
SELECT
SEPARATOR
SEQUENCE
SERVERS
SESSION_USER
SET
SETVAL
SHARED
SHOW
SHUTDOWN
SLAVE
SLIDING
SPHERICAL_KMEANS
SQL_BIG_RESULT
SQL_BUFFER_RESULT
SQL_CACHE
SQL_NO_CACHE
SQL_SMALL_RESULT
SQL_TSI_DAY
SQL_TSI_HOUR
SQL_TSI_MINUTE
SQL_TSI_MONTH
SQL_TSI_QUARTER
SQL_TSI_SECOND
SQL_TSI_WEEK
SQL_TSI_YEAR
SSL
STARTING
STD
STDDEV
STDDEV_POP
STDDEV_SAMP
STRAIGHT_JOIN
STREAM
SUBDATE
SUBJECT
SUBSTR
SUBSTRING
SUM
SUPER
SUSPEND
SYSDATE
SYSTEM_USER

T

TABLE
TABLESPACE
TABLE_NUMBER
TABLE_SIZE
TABLE_VALUES
TEMPORARY
TEMPTABLE
TERMINATED
THEN
TIME
TIMESTAMP
TIMESTAMPDIFF
TO
TRAILING
TRANSLATE
TRIM
TRUE
TRUNCATE

U

UNBOUNDED
UNDEFINED
UNDERSCORE_BINARY
UNION
UNIQUE
UNTIL
UPDATE
USAGE
USE
USING
UTC_DATE
UTC_TIME
UTC_TIMESTAMP

V

VALIDATION
VALUES
VARIANCE
VAR_POP
VAR_SAMP
VERBOSE
VISIBLE

W

WHEN
WHERE
WHILE
WITH
WITHOUT

X

XOR

Y

YEAR_MONTH

Z

ZONEMAP

非保留关键字

A

ACCOUNT
ACCOUNTS
ACTION
AGAINST
ALGORITHM
ANY
ATTRIBUTE
AUTO_RANDOM
AVG_ROW_LENGTH

B

BACKUP
BEGIN
BIGINT
BIT
BLOB
BOOL

C

CANCEL
CASCADE
CHAIN
CHARSET
CHECKSUM
CLUSTER
COLUMNS
COLUMN_FORMAT
COMMENT_KEYWORD
COMMIT
COMMITTED
COMPACT
COMPRESSED
COMPRESSION
CONNECTION
CONNECTOR
CONNECTORS
CONSISTENT
CYCLE

D

DAEMON
DATA
DATE
DATETIME
DAY
DECIMAL
DEFINER
DELAY_KEY_WRITE
DIRECTORY
DISK
DO
DOUBLE
DUPLICATE
DYNAMIC

E

ENCRYPTION
ENFORCED
ENGINE
ENGINES
ENGINE_ATTRIBUTE
ENUM
ERRORS
EXPANSION
EXPIRE
EXTENDED
EXTENSION

F

FIELDS
FILESYSTEM
FIXED
FLOAT_TYPE
FORCE_QUOTE
FORMAT
FULL

G

GEOMETRY
GEOMETRYCOLLECTION
GLOBAL
GRANT

H

HASH
HEADER
HISTORY

I

INCREMENT
INDEXES
INSERT_METHOD
INT
INTEGER
ISOLATION

J

JSON

K

KEYS
KEY_BLOCK_SIZE

L

LANGUAGE
LESS
LEVEL
LINEAR
LINESTRING
LIST
LISTS
LOCAL
LONGBLOB
LONGTEXT
LOW_CARDINALITY

M

MAX_CONNECTIONS_PER_HOUR
MAX_FILE_SIZE
MAX_QUERIES_PER_HOUR
MAX_ROWS
MAX_UPDATES_PER_HOUR
MAX_USER_CONNECTIONS
MEDIUMBLOB
MEDIUMINT
MEDIUMTEXT
MEMORY
MINVALUE
MIN_ROWS
MODE
MONTH
MULTILINESTRING
MULTIPOINT
MULTIPOLYGON

N

NAMES
NCHAR
NEVER
NO
NODE
NUMERIC

O

OFFSET
ONLY
OPEN
OPTIMIZE
OPTION

P

PACK_KEYS
PARALLEL
PARTIAL
PARTITIONS
PASSWORD
PAUSE
PERSIST
POINT
POLYGON
PROCEDURE
PROCESSLIST
PROFILES
PROPERTIES
PROXY
PUBLICATION
PUBLICATIONS

Q

QUARTER
QUERY

R

RANGE
READ
REAL
REDUNDANT
RELEASE
REORGANIZE
REPAIR
REPEATABLE
REPLICATION
RESTRICT
RESUME
REVOKE
ROLE
ROLES
ROLLBACK
ROW_FORMAT

S

S3OPTION
SECONDARY_ENGINE_ATTRIBUTE
SEQUENCES
SERIALIZABLE
SESSION
SHARE
SIGNED
SIMILARITY_FUNCTION
SIMPLE
SMALLINT
SNAPSHOT
SOME
SOURCE
SPATIAL
SQL
STAGE
STAGEOPTION
STAGES
START
STATS_AUTO_RECALC
STATS_PERSISTENT
STATS_SAMPLE_PAGES
STATUS
STORAGE
SUBPARTITION
SUBPARTITIONS
SUBSCRIPTIONS

T

TABLES
TASK
TEXT
THAN
TIME
TIMESTAMP
TINYBLOB
TINYINT
TINYTEXT
TRANSACTION
TRIGGER
TRIGGERS
TYPE

U

UNCOMMITTED
UNKNOWN
UNLOCK
UNSIGNED
UNUSED
URL
USER
UUID

V

VALUE
VARBINARY
VARCHAR
VARIABLES
VECF32
VECF64
VIEW

W

WARNINGS
WEEK
WORK
WRITE

X

X509

Y

YEAR

Z

ZEROFILL