# SQL Reference


This section provides a quick reference for SQL available on **MatrixOne instances**: structure and syntax, data types, statement categories, functions and operators, system variables and system tables, privilege categories, and notes on certain capability boundaries.

Use it to quickly determine whether a feature exists, what it is called, and how it is categorized. For instance console operations, see [Guide · MatrixOne](../../guides/matrixone/index.md). For programmatic connections and drivers, see [Developer](../../developer/index.md).

MatrixOne SQL aims to follow familiar MySQL 8.0 protocol and syntax conventions while extending them with vectors, Stage, publication and subscription, snapshots / PiTR, and other capabilities. The following pages are condensed by topic and are **not** a page-by-page mirror of the open-source documentation.

## Pages in This Section

| Page | Content |
| --- | --- |
| [Structure and Syntax](language-structure.md) | Comments, identifiers, reserved keywords |
| [Data Types](data-types.md) | Numeric, string, time, JSON, VECTOR, and other types |
| [SQL Statements](statements.md) | DDL / DML / DQL / DCL / TCL / administrative statement lists |
| [Functions](functions.md) | Comprehensive function tables by category |
| [Operators](operators.md) | Arithmetic, comparison, logical, bitwise, CAST, CASE/IF, and other operators |
| [System Variables](system-variables.md) | Global / session variables and commonly used variables |
| [System Tables](system-tables.md) | System databases such as `mo_catalog` and commonly used tables |
| [Privilege Categories](privileges.md) | List of SQL privileges within a tenant |
| [Limitations](limitations.md) | Summary of differences from MySQL, including LOAD DATA and partitioning |

## How to Use This Section with the Guides

| What you want to do | Where to go |
| --- | --- |
| Create, connect to, monitor, and understand billing for an instance | [MatrixOne](../../guides/matrixone/index.md) |
| Configure users and roles in an instance | [Permissions · MatrixOne](../../guides/matrixone/permissions.md) |
| AI Studio workspace roles and privilege points | [User Permissions](../../guides/ai-studio/permissions/index.md), [Permissions Reference](../permissions/index.md) |
| Run SQL against the Catalog | [SQL Editor](../../guides/ai-studio/processing/sql-editor.md) (if available) |

## Documentation Contents

```{toctree}
:hidden:
:maxdepth: 1

language-structure
data-types
statements
functions
operators
system-variables
system-tables
privileges
limitations
```