关键字¶

本章介绍 MatrixOne 的关键字，在 MatrixOne 中对保留关键字和非保留关键字进行了分类，你在使用 SQL 语句时，可以查阅保留关键字和非保留关键字。

关键字是 SQL 语句中具有特殊含义的单词，例如 SELECT，UPDATE，DELETE 等等。

保留关键字：关键字中需要经过特殊处理才能作为标识符的字，被称为保留关键字。

将保留关键字作为标识符使用时，必须使用反引号包裹，否则将产生报错：

\\未将保留关键字 select 使用反引号包裹，产生报错
mysql> CREATE TABLE select (a INT);
ERROR 1064 (HY000): SQL parser error: You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MatrixOne server version for the right syntax to use. syntax error at line 1 column 19 near " select (a INT)";

\\正确将保留关键字 select 使用反引号包裹
mysql> CREATE TABLE `select` (a INT);
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)

非保留关键字：关键字中可以直接作为标识符，被称为非保留关键字。

将非保留关键字作为标识符使用时，可以直接使用，无需使用反引号包裹。

\\ACCOUNT 为非保留关键字，可以无需使用反引号包裹
mysql> CREATE TABLE `select` (ACCOUNT int);
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

备注

与 MySQL 不同，在 MatrixOne 中，如果使用了限定符*.*，保留关键字如果不使用反引号包裹也会产生报错，建议在创建表和数据库时，避免使用保留关键字：

mysql> CREATE TABLE test.select (ACCOUNT int);
ERROR 1064 (HY000): SQL parser error: You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MatrixOne server version for the right syntax to use. syntax error at line 1 column 24 near "select (ACCOUNT int)";

下面的列表显示了 Matrixone 中的保留关键字和非保留关键字，其中，在 MySQL 中不为关键字的用 (M) 标记。

保留关键字¶

A¶

ADD
ALL
ALTER
ANALYZE
AND
AS
ASC

B¶

BEGIN
BETWEEN
BINARY
BOTH
BY

C¶

CALL
CASE
CHANGE
CHAR
CHARACTER
CHECK
COLLATE
COLUMN
CONFIG (M)
CONSTRAINT
CONVERT
CREATE
CROSS
CURRENT_DATE
CURRENT_ROLE (M)
CURRENT_TIME
CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
CURRENT_USER

D¶

DATABASE
DATABASES
DAY_HOUR
DAY_MICROSECOND
DAY_MINUTE
DAY_SECOND
DECLARE
DEFAULT
DELAYED
DELETE
DENSE_RANK
DESC
DESCRIBE
DISTINCT
DIV
DROP

E¶

ELSE
ELSEIF
ENCLOSED
END
ESCAPE
ESCAPED
EXCEPT
EXISTS
EXPLAIN

F¶

FALSE (M)
FOR
FORCE
FOREIGN
FROM
FULLTEXT
FUNCTION

G¶

GROUP
GROUPS

H¶

HAVING
HIGH_PRIORITY
HOUR_MICROSECOND
HOUR_MINUTE
HOUR_SECOND

I¶

IF
IGNORE
ILIKE (M)
IN
INDEX
INFILE
INNER
INOUT
INSERT
INT1
INT2
INT3
INT4
INT8
INTERSECT
INTERVAL
INTO
IS
ITERATE

J¶

JOIN

K¶

KEY
KILL

L¶

LEADING
LEAVE
LEFT
LIKE
LIMIT
LINES
LOAD
LOCALTIME
LOCALTIMESTAMP
LOCK
LOOP
LOW_PRIORITY

M¶

MATCH
MAXVALUE
MINUS (M)
MINUTE_MICROSECOND
MINUTE_SECOND
MOD

N¶

NATURAL
NOT
NULL

O¶

ON
OPTIONALLY
OR
ORDER
OUT
OUTER
OUTFILE
OVER

P¶

PARTITION
PRIMARY

Q¶

QUICK

R¶

RANK
RECURSIVE
REFERENCES
REGEXP
RENAME
REPEAT
REPLACE
REQUIRE
RIGHT
RLIKE
ROW
ROW_NUMBER
ROWS

S¶

SCHEMA
SCHEMAS
SECOND_MICROSECOND
SELECT
SEPARATOR
SET
SHOW
SQL_BIG_RESULT
SQL_BUFFER_RESULT
SQL_SMALL_RESULT
SSL
STARTING
STRAIGHT_JOIN

T¶

TABLE
TEMPORARY
TERMINATED
THEN
TO
TRAILING
TRUE (M)

U¶

UNION
UNIQUE
UNTIL
UPDATE
USAGE
USE
USING
UTC_DATE
UTC_TIME
UTC_TIMESTAMP

V¶

VALUES

W¶

WHEN
WHERE
WHILE
WITH

X¶

XOR

Y¶

YEAR_MONTH

_¶

_BINARY (M)

非保留关键字¶

A¶

ACCOUNT
ACCOUNTS (M)
ACTION
ADMIN_NAME (M)
AFTER
AGAINST
ALGORITHM
ANY
ASCII
ATTRIBUTE
AUTO_INCREMENT
AUTO_RANDOM (M)
AUTOEXTEND_SIZE
AVG_ROW_LENGTH

B¶

BACKEND (M)
BACKUP
BIGINT
BINDINGS (M)
BIT
BLOB
BOOL
BOOLEAN
BSI (M)
BTREE

C¶

CANCEL (M)
CASCADE
CASCADED
CHAIN
CHARSET
CHECKSUM
CIPHER
CLIENT
CLUSTER (M)
COALESCE
COLLATION
COLUMN_FORMAT
COLUMN_NUMBER (M)
COLUMNS
COMMENT
COMMIT
COMMITTED
COMPACT
COMPRESSED
COMPRESSION
CONNECT (M)
CONNECTION
CONNECTOR (M)
CONNECTORS (M)
CONSISTENT
COPY (M)
CREDENTIALS (M)
CURRENT
CYCLE (M)

D¶

DAEMON (M)
DATA
DATE
DATETIME
DAY
DEALLOCATE
DECIMAL
DEFINER
DELAY_KEY_WRITE
DIRECTORY
DISABLE
DISCARD
DISK
DO
DOUBLE
DRAINER (M)
DUPLICATE
DYNAMIC

E¶

ENABLE
ENCRYPTION
ENFORCED
ENGINE
ENGINE_ATTRIBUTE
ENGINES
ENUM
ERRORS
EVENT
EVENTS
EXCLUSIVE (M)
EXECUTE
EXPANSION (M)
EXPIRE
EXTENDED
EXTENSION
EXTERNAL (M)

F¶

FAILED_LOGIN_ATTEMPTS
FIELDS
FILE
FILESYSTEM (M)
FILL (M)
FIRST
FIXED
FLOAT
FOLLOWING
FORCE_QUOTE (M)
FORMAT
FULL

G¶

GEOMETRY
GEOMETRYCOLLECTION
GLOBAL
GRANT
GRANTS

H¶

HANDLER
HASH
HEADER (M)
HISTORY
HOUR

I¶

IDENTIFIED
IMPORT
INCREMENT (M)
INDEXES
INLINE (M)
INPLACE (M)
INSERT_METHOD
INSTANT (M)
INT
INTEGER
INVISIBLE
INVOKER
ISOLATION
ISSUER
IVFFLAT (M)

J¶

JSON
JSONTYPE (M)

K¶

KEY_BLOCK_SIZE
KEYS

L¶

LANGUAGE
LAST
LESS
LEVEL
LINEAR
LINESTRING
LIST
LISTS (M)
LOCAL
LOCKS
LONGBLOB
LONGTEXT
LOW_CARDINALITY (M)

M¶

MANAGE (M)
MASTER
MAX_CONNECTIONS_PER_HOUR
MAX_FILE_SIZE (M)
MAX_QUERIES_PER_HOUR
MAX_ROWS
MAX_UPDATE_PER_HOUR (M)
MAX_USER_CONNECTIONS
MEDIAN (M)
MEDIUMBLOB
MEDIUMINT
MEDIUMTEXT
MEMORY
MERGE
MICROSECOND
MIN_ROWS
MINUTE
MINVALUE (M)
MODE
MODIFY
MODUMP (M)
MONTH
MULTILINESTRING
MULTIPOINT
MULTIPOLYGON
MYSQL_COMPATIBILITY_MODE (M)

N¶

NAMES
NCHAR
NEVER
NEXT
NO
NODE (M)
NONE
NULLS
NUMERIC

O¶

OFFSET
ONLY
OP_TYPE (M)
OPEN
OPTIMIZE
OPTION
OPTIONAL
OWNERSHIP (M)

P¶

PACK_KEYS
PARALLEL (M)
PARALLELISM (M)
PARSER
PARTIAL
PARTITIONS
PASSWORD
PASSWORD_LOCK_TIME
PAUSE (M)
PERCENT (M)
PERSIST
PLUGINS
POINT
POLYGON
PRECEDING
PREPARE
PREV
PRIVILEGES
PROCEDURE
PROCESSLIST
PROFILES
PROPERTIES (M)
PROXY
PUBLICATION (M)
PUBLICATIONS (M)
PUMP (M)

Q¶

QUARTER
QUERY
QUERY_RESULT (M)

R¶

RANDOM
RANGE
READ
REAL
REDUNDANT
REFERENCE
RELEASE
RELOAD
REORGANIZE
REPAIR
REPEATABLE
REPLICATION
RESET
RESTRICT
RESTRICTED (M)
RESUME
RETURNS
REUSE
REVERSE
REVOKE
ROLE
ROLES (M)
ROLLBACK
ROUTINE
ROW_COUNT
ROW_FORMAT
RTREE

S¶

T¶

TABLE_NUMBER (M)
TABLE_SIZE (M)
TABLE_VALUES (M)
TABLES
TABLESPACE
TASK (M)
TEMPTABLE
TEXT
THAN
TIME
TIMESTAMP
TINYBLOB
TINYINT
TINYTEXT
TRANSACTION
TRIGGER
TRIGGERS
TRUNCATE
TYPE

U¶

UNBOUNDED
UNCOMMITTED
UNDEFINED
UNKNOWN
UNLOCK
UNSIGNED
URL
USER
UUID (M)

V¶

VALIDATION
VALUE
VARBINARY
VARCHAR
VARIABLES
VECF32 (M)
VECF64 (M)
VERBOSE (M)
VIEW
VISIBLE

W¶

WARNINGS
WEEK
WITHOUT
WORK
WRITE

X¶

X509

Y¶

YEAR

Z¶

ZEROFILL
ZONEMAP (M)