关键字

本章介绍 MatrixOne 的关键字，在 MatrixOne 中对保留关键字和非保留关键字进行了分类，你在使用 SQL 语句时，可以查阅保留关键字和非保留关键字。

关键字是 SQL 语句中具有特殊含义的单词，例如 SELECT，UPDATE，DELETE 等等。

• 保留关键字：关键字中需要经过特殊处理才能作为标识符的字，被称为保留关键字。

将保留关键字作为标识符使用时，必须使用反引号包裹，否则将产生报错：

\\未将保留关键字 select 使用反引号包裹，产生报错
mysql> CREATE TABLE select (a INT);
ERROR 1064 (HY000): SQL parser error: You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MatrixOne server version for the right syntax to use. syntax error at line 1 column 19 near " select (a INT)";

\\正确将保留关键字 select 使用反引号包裹
mysql> CREATE TABLE `select` (a INT);
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)

• 非保留关键字：关键字中可以直接作为标识符，被称为非保留关键字。

将非保留关键字作为标识符使用时，可以直接使用，无需使用反引号包裹。

\\BEGIN 未非保留关键字，可以无需使用反引号包裹
mysql> CREATE TABLE `select` (BEGIN int);
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

Note

与 MySQL 不同，在 MatrixOne 中，如果使用了限定符.，保留关键字如果不使用反引号包裹也会产生报错，建议在创建表和数据库时，避免使用保留关键字：

mysql> CREATE TABLE test.select (BEGIN int);
ERROR 1064 (HY000): SQL parser error: You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MatrixOne server version for the right syntax to use. syntax error at line 1 column 24 near "select (BEGIN int)";

保留关键字

A

• ACCESSIBLE
• ADD
• ALL
• ALTER
• ANALYZE
• AND
• AS
• ASC
• ASENSITIVE

B

• BEFORE
• BEGIN
• BETWEEN
• BIGINT
• BINARY
• BLOB
• BOTH
• BY

C

• CALL
• CASCADE
• CASE
• CHANGE
• CHAR
• CHARACTER
• CHECK
• COLLATE
• COLUMN
• CONDITION
• CONFIG
• CONSTRAINT
• CONTINUE
• CONVERT
• CREATE
• CROSS
• CURRENT_DATE
• CURRENT_ROLE
• CURRENT_TIME
• CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
• CURRENT_USER
• CURSOR

D

• DATABASE
• DATABASES
• DAY_HOUR
• DAY_MICROSECOND
• DAY_MINUTE
• DAY_SECOND
• DEC
• DECIMAL
• DECLARE
• DEFAULT
• DELAYED
• DELETE
• DENSE_RANK
• DESC
• DESCRIBE
• DETERMINISTIC
• DISTINCT
• DISTINCTROW
• DIV
• DOUBLE
• DROP

E

• EACH
• ELSE
• ELSEIF
• ENCLOSED
• END
• ESCAPE
• ESCAPED
• EXCEPT
• EXISTS
• EXIT
• EXPLAIN

F

• FALSE
• FETCH
• FLOAT
• FLOAT4
• FLOAT8
• FOR
• FORCE
• FOREIGN
• FROM
• FULLTEXT
• FUNCTION

G

• GENERATED
• GET
• GRANT
• GROUP
• GROUPS

H

• HAVING
• HIGH_PRIORITY
• HOUR_MICROSECOND
• HOUR_MINUTE
• HOUR_SECOND

I

• IF
• IGNORE
• ILIKE
• IN
• INDEX
• INFILE
• INNER
• INOUT
• INSENSITIVE
• INSERT
• INT
• INT1
• INT2
• INT3
• INT4
• INT8
• INTEGER
• INTERSECT
• INTERVAL
• INTO
• IO_AFTER_GTIDS
• IS
• ITERATE

J

• JOIN

K

• KEY
• KEYS
• KILL

L

• LEADING
• LEAVE
• LEFT
• LIKE
• LIMIT
• LINEAR
• LINES
• LOAD
• LOCALTIME
• LOCALTIMESTAMP
• LOCK
• LONG
• LONGBLOB
• LONGTEXT
• LOOP
• LOW_PRIORITY

M

• MASTER_BIND
• MATCH
• MAXVALUE
• MEDIUMBLOB
• MEDIUMINT
• MEDIUMTEXT
• MIDDLEINT
• MINUS
• MINUTE_MICROSECOND
• MINUTE_SECOND
• MOD
• MODIFIES

N

• NATURAL
• NOT
• NO_WRITE_TO_BINLOG
• NULL
• NUMERIC

O

• ON
• OPTIMIZE
• OPTIMIZER_COSTS
• OPTION
• OPTIONALLY
• OR
• ORDER
• OUT
• OUTER
• OUTFILE
• OVER

P

• PARTITION
• PRECISION
• PRIMARY
• PROCEDURE

Q

• QUICK

R

• RANGE
• RANK
• READ
• READS
• READ_WRITE
• REAL
• RECURSIVE
• REFERENCES
• REGEXP
• RELEASE
• RENAME
• REPEAT
• REPLACE
• REQUIRE
• RESIGNAL
• RESTRICT
• RETURN
• REVOKE
• RIGHT
• RLIKE
• ROW
• ROWS
• ROW_NUMBER

S

• SCHEMA
• SCHEMAS
• SECOND_MICROSECOND
• SELECT
• SENSITIVE
• SEPARATOR
• SET
• SHOW
• SIGNAL
• SMALLINT
• SPATIAL
• SPECIFIC
• SQL
• SQLEXCEPTION
• SQLSTATE
• SQLWARNING
• SQL_BIG_RESULT
• SQL_BUFFER_RESULT
• SQL_CALC_FOUND_ROWS
• SQL_SMALL_RESULT
• SSL
• STARTING
• STORED
• STRAIGHT_JOIN

T

• TABLE
• TEMPORARY
• TERMINATED
• THEN
• TINYBLOB
• TINYINT
• TINYTEXT
• TO
• TRAILING
• TRIGGER
• TRUE

U

• UNDO
• UNION
• UNIQUE
• UNLOCK
• UNSIGNED
• UNTIL
• UPDATE
• USAGE
• USE
• USING
• UTC_DATE
• UTC_TIME
• UTC_TIMESTAMP

V

• VALUES
• VARBINARY
• VARCHAR
• VARCHARACTER
• VARYING
• VIRTUAL

W

• WHEN
• WHERE
• WHILE
• WITH
• WRITE

X

• XOR

Y

• YEAR_MONTH

Z

• ZEROFILL

非保留关键字

A

• ACCOUNT
• ACCOUNTS
• ACTION
• ADDDATE
• ADMIN_NAME
• AFTER
• AGAINST
• ALGORITHM
• ANY
• APPROX_COUNT
• APPROX_COUNT_DISTINCT
• APPROX_PERCENTILE
• ASCII
• ATTRIBUTE
• AUTOEXTEND_SIZE
• AUTO_INCREMENT
• AUTO_RANDOM
• AVG
• AVG_ROW_LENGTH

B

• BACKEND
• BACKUP
• BINDINGS
• BIT
• BIT_AND
• BIT_CAST
• BIT_OR
• BOOL
• BOOLEAN
• BSI
• BTREE

C

• CANCEL
• CASCADED
• CAST
• CHAIN
• CHARSET
• CHECKSUM
• CIPHER
• CLIENT
• CLUSTER
• CLUSTER_CENTERS
• COALESCE
• COLLATION
• COLUMNS
• COLUMN_FORMAT
• COLUMN_NUMBER
• COMMENT
• COMMIT
• COMMITTED
• COMPACT
• COMPRESSED
• COMPRESSION
• CONNECT
• CONNECTION
• CONNECTOR
• CONNECTORS
• CONSISTENT
• COPY
• COUNT
• CREDENTIALS
• CURDATE
• CURRENT
• CURRVAL
• CURTIME
• CYCLE

D

• DAEMON
• DATA
• DATE
• DATETIME
• DATE_ADD
• DATE_SUB
• DAY
• DEALLOCATE
• DEFINER
• DELAY_KEY_WRITE
• DIRECTORY
• DISABLE
• DISCARD
• DISK
• DO
• DRAINER
• DUPLICATE
• DYNAMIC

E

• ENABLE
• ENCRYPTION
• ENFORCED
• ENGINE
• ENGINES
• ENGINE_ATTRIBUTE
• ENUM
• ERRORS
• EVENT
• EVENTS
• EXCLUSIVE
• EXECUTE
• EXPANSION
• EXPIRE
• EXTENDED
• EXTENSION
• EXTERNAL
• EXTRACT

F

• FAILED_LOGIN_ATTEMPTS
• FIELDS
• FILE
• FILESYSTEM
• FILL
• FIRST
• FIXED
• FOLLOWING
• FORCE_QUOTE
• FORMAT
• FULL

G

• GEOMETRY
• GEOMETRYCOLLECTION
• GLOBAL
• GRANTS
• GROUP_CONCAT

H

• HANDLER
• HASH
• HEADER
• HEADERS
• HISTORY
• HOUR

I

• IDENTIFIED
• IMPORT
• INCREMENT
• INDEXES
• INLINE
• INPLACE
• INSERT_METHOD
• INSTANT
• INVISIBLE
• INVOKER
• ISOLATION
• ISSUER
• IVFFLAT

J

• JSON
• JSONTYPE

K

• KEY_BLOCK_SIZE

L

• LANGUAGE
• LAST
• LASTVAL
• LESS
• LEVEL
• LINESTRING
• LIST
• LISTS
• LOCAL
• LOCKS
• LOW_CARDINALITY

M

• MANAGE
• MAX
• MAX_CONNECTIONS_PER_HOUR
• MAX_FILE_SIZE
• MAX_QUERIES_PER_HOUR
• MAX_ROWS
• MAX_UPDATE_PER_HOUR
• MAX_USER_CONNECTIONS
• MEDIAN
• MEMORY
• MERGE
• MICROSECOND
• MID
• MIN
• MINUTE
• MINVALUE
• MIN_ROWS
• MODE
• MODIFY
• MODUMP
• MONTH
• MULTILINESTRING
• MULTIPOINT
• MULTIPOLYGON
• MYSQL_COMPATIBILITY_MODE

N

• NAMES
• NCHAR
• NEVER
• NEXT
• NEXTVAL
• NO
• NODE
• NONE
• NOW
• NULLS

O

• OFFSET
• ONLY
• OPEN
• OPTIONAL
• OP_TYPE
• OWNERSHIP

P

• PACK_KEYS
• PARALLEL
• PARSER
• PARTIAL
• PARTITIONS
• PASSWORD
• PASSWORD_LOCK_TIME
• PAUSE
• PERCENT
• PERSIST
• PLUGINS
• POINT
• POLYGON
• POSITION
• PRECEDING
• PREPARE
• PREV
• PRIVILEGES
• PROCESSLIST
• PROFILES
• PROPERTIES
• PROXY
• PUBLICATION
• PUBLICATIONS
• PUMP

Q

• QUARTER
• QUERY
• QUERY_RESULT

R

• RANDOM
• REDUNDANT
• REFERENCE
• REINDEX
• RELOAD
• REORGANIZE
• REPAIR
• REPEATABLE
• REPLICATION
• RESET
• RESTRICTED
• RESUME
• RETURNS
• REUSE
• REVERSE
• ROLE
• ROLES
• ROLLBACK
• ROUTINE
• ROW_COUNT
• ROW_FORMAT
• RTREE

S

• S3OPTION
• SAMPLE
• SAN
• SECOND
• SECONDARY
• SECONDARY_ENGINE_ATTRIBUTE
• SECURITY
• SEQUENCE
• SEQUENCES
• SERIALIZABLE
• SERVERS
• SESSION
• SESSION_USER
• SETVAL
• SHARE
• SHARED
• SHUTDOWN
• SIGNED
• SIMPLE
• SLAVE
• SLIDING
• SNAPSHOT
• SOME
• SOURCE
• SPHERICAL_KMEANS
• SQL_CACHE
• SQL_NO_CACHE
• SQL_TSI_DAY
• SQL_TSI_HOUR
• SQL_TSI_MINUTE
• SQL_TSI_MONTH
• SQL_TSI_QUARTER
• SQL_TSI_SECOND
• SQL_TSI_WEEK
• SQL_TSI_YEAR
• STAGE
• STAGEOPTION
• STAGES
• START
• STATS_AUTO_RECALC
• STATS_PERSISTENT
• STATS_SAMPLE_PAGES
• STATUS
• STD
• STDDEV
• STDDEV_POP
• STDDEV_SAMP
• STORAGE
• STREAM
• SUBDATE
• SUBJECT
• SUBPARTITION
• SUBPARTITIONS
• SUBSCRIPTIONS
• SUBSTR
• SUBSTRING
• SUM
• SUPER
• SUSPEND
• SYSDATE
• SYSTEM_USER

T

• TABLES
• TABLESPACE
• TABLE_NUMBER
• TABLE_SIZE
• TABLE_VALUES
• TASK
• TEMPTABLE
• TEXT
• THAN
• TIME
• TIMESTAMP
• TIMESTAMPDIFF
• TRANSACTION
• TRANSLATE
• TRIGGERS
• TRIM
• TRUNCATE
• TYPE

U

• UNBOUNDED
• UNCOMMITTED
• UNDEFINED
• UNKNOWN
• URL
• USER
• UUID

V

• VALIDATION
• VALUE
• VARIABLES
• VARIANCE
• VAR_POP
• VAR_SAMP
• VECF32
• VECF64
• VERBOSE
• VIEW
• VISIBLE

W

• WARNINGS
• WEEK
• WITHOUT
• WORK

X

• X509

Y

• YEAR

Z

• ZONEMAP

_

• _BINARY