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关键字

本章介绍 MatrixOne 的关键字,在 MatrixOne 中对保留关键字和非保留关键字进行了分类,你在使用 SQL 语句时,可以查阅保留关键字和非保留关键字。

关键字是 SQL 语句中具有特殊含义的单词,例如 SELECTUPDATEDELETE 等等。

  • 保留关键字:关键字中需要经过特殊处理才能作为标识符的字,被称为保留关键字。

将保留关键字作为标识符使用时,必须使用反引号包裹,否则将产生报错:

\\未将保留关键字 select 使用反引号包裹,产生报错
mysql> CREATE TABLE select (a INT);
ERROR 1064 (HY000): SQL parser error: You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MatrixOne server version for the right syntax to use. syntax error at line 1 column 19 near " select (a INT)";

\\正确将保留关键字 select 使用反引号包裹
mysql> CREATE TABLE `select` (a INT);
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)
  • 非保留关键字:关键字中可以直接作为标识符,被称为非保留关键字。

将非保留关键字作为标识符使用时,可以直接使用,无需使用反引号包裹。

\\ACCOUNT 为非保留关键字,可以无需使用反引号包裹
mysql> CREATE TABLE `select` (ACCOUNT int);
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

Note

与 MySQL 不同,在 MatrixOne 中,如果使用了限定符.,保留关键字如果不使用反引号包裹也会产生报错,建议在创建表和数据库时,避免使用保留关键字:

mysql> CREATE TABLE test.select (ACCOUNT int);
ERROR 1064 (HY000): SQL parser error: You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MatrixOne server version for the right syntax to use. syntax error at line 1 column 24 near "select (ACCOUNT int)";

下面的列表显示了 Matrixone 中的保留关键字和非保留关键字,其中,在 MySQL 中不为关键字的用 (M) 标记。

保留关键字

A

  • ADD
  • ALL
  • ALTER
  • ANALYZE
  • AND
  • AS
  • ASC

B

  • BEGIN
  • BETWEEN
  • BINARY
  • BOTH
  • BY

C

  • CALL
  • CASE
  • CHANGE
  • CHAR
  • CHARACTER
  • CHECK
  • COLLATE
  • COLUMN
  • CONFIG (M)
  • CONSTRAINT
  • CONVERT
  • CREATE
  • CROSS
  • CURRENT_DATE
  • CURRENT_ROLE (M)
  • CURRENT_TIME
  • CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
  • CURRENT_USER

D

  • DATABASE
  • DATABASES
  • DAY_HOUR
  • DAY_MICROSECOND
  • DAY_MINUTE
  • DAY_SECOND
  • DECLARE
  • DEFAULT
  • DELAYED
  • DELETE
  • DENSE_RANK
  • DESC
  • DESCRIBE
  • DISTINCT
  • DIV
  • DROP

E

  • ELSE
  • ELSEIF
  • ENCLOSED
  • END
  • ESCAPE
  • ESCAPED
  • EXCEPT
  • EXISTS
  • EXPLAIN

F

  • FALSE (M)
  • FOR
  • FORCE
  • FOREIGN
  • FROM
  • FULLTEXT
  • FUNCTION

G

  • GROUP
  • GROUPS

H

  • HAVING
  • HIGH_PRIORITY
  • HOUR_MICROSECOND
  • HOUR_MINUTE
  • HOUR_SECOND

I

  • IF
  • IGNORE
  • ILIKE (M)
  • IN
  • INDEX
  • INFILE
  • INNER
  • INOUT
  • INSERT
  • INT1
  • INT2
  • INT3
  • INT4
  • INT8
  • INTERSECT
  • INTERVAL
  • INTO
  • IS
  • ITERATE

J

  • JOIN

K

  • KEY
  • KILL

L

  • LEADING
  • LEAVE
  • LEFT
  • LIKE
  • LIMIT
  • LINES
  • LOAD
  • LOCALTIME
  • LOCALTIMESTAMP
  • LOCK
  • LOOP
  • LOW_PRIORITY

M

  • MATCH
  • MAXVALUE
  • MINUS (M)
  • MINUTE_MICROSECOND
  • MINUTE_SECOND
  • MOD

N

  • NATURAL
  • NOT
  • NULL

O

  • ON
  • OPTIONALLY
  • OR
  • ORDER
  • OUT
  • OUTER
  • OUTFILE
  • OVER

P

  • PARTITION
  • PRIMARY

Q

  • QUICK

R

  • RANK
  • RECURSIVE
  • REFERENCES
  • REGEXP
  • RENAME
  • REPEAT
  • REPLACE
  • REQUIRE
  • RIGHT
  • RLIKE
  • ROW
  • ROW_NUMBER
  • ROWS

S

  • SCHEMA
  • SCHEMAS
  • SECOND_MICROSECOND
  • SELECT
  • SEPARATOR
  • SET
  • SHOW
  • SQL_BIG_RESULT
  • SQL_BUFFER_RESULT
  • SQL_SMALL_RESULT
  • SSL
  • STARTING
  • STRAIGHT_JOIN

T

  • TABLE
  • TEMPORARY
  • TERMINATED
  • THEN
  • TO
  • TRAILING
  • TRUE (M)

U

  • UNION
  • UNIQUE
  • UNTIL
  • UPDATE
  • USAGE
  • USE
  • USING
  • UTC_DATE
  • UTC_TIME
  • UTC_TIMESTAMP

V

  • VALUES

W

  • WHEN
  • WHERE
  • WHILE
  • WITH

X

  • XOR

Y

  • YEAR_MONTH

_

  • _BINARY (M)

非保留关键字

A

  • ACCOUNT
  • ACCOUNTS (M)
  • ACTION
  • ADMIN_NAME (M)
  • AFTER
  • AGAINST
  • ALGORITHM
  • ANY
  • ASCII
  • ATTRIBUTE
  • AUTO_INCREMENT
  • AUTO_RANDOM (M)
  • AUTOEXTEND_SIZE
  • AVG_ROW_LENGTH

B

  • BACKEND (M)
  • BACKUP
  • BIGINT
  • BINDINGS (M)
  • BIT
  • BLOB
  • BOOL
  • BOOLEAN
  • BSI (M)
  • BTREE

C

  • CANCEL (M)
  • CASCADE
  • CASCADED
  • CHAIN
  • CHARSET
  • CHECKSUM
  • CIPHER
  • CLIENT
  • CLUSTER (M)
  • COALESCE
  • COLLATION
  • COLUMN_FORMAT
  • COLUMN_NUMBER (M)
  • COLUMNS
  • COMMENT
  • COMMIT
  • COMMITTED
  • COMPACT
  • COMPRESSED
  • COMPRESSION
  • CONNECT (M)
  • CONNECTION
  • CONNECTOR (M)
  • CONNECTORS (M)
  • CONSISTENT
  • COPY (M)
  • CREDENTIALS (M)
  • CURRENT
  • CYCLE (M)

D

  • DAEMON (M)
  • DATA
  • DATE
  • DATETIME
  • DAY
  • DEALLOCATE
  • DECIMAL
  • DEFINER
  • DELAY_KEY_WRITE
  • DIRECTORY
  • DISABLE
  • DISCARD
  • DISK
  • DO
  • DOUBLE
  • DRAINER (M)
  • DUPLICATE
  • DYNAMIC

E

  • ENABLE
  • ENCRYPTION
  • ENFORCED
  • ENGINE
  • ENGINE_ATTRIBUTE
  • ENGINES
  • ENUM
  • ERRORS
  • EVENT
  • EVENTS
  • EXCLUSIVE (M)
  • EXECUTE
  • EXPANSION (M)
  • EXPIRE
  • EXTENDED
  • EXTENSION
  • EXTERNAL (M)

F

  • FAILED_LOGIN_ATTEMPTS
  • FIELDS
  • FILE
  • FILESYSTEM (M)
  • FILL (M)
  • FIRST
  • FIXED
  • FLOAT
  • FOLLOWING
  • FORCE_QUOTE (M)
  • FORMAT
  • FULL

G

  • GEOMETRY
  • GEOMETRYCOLLECTION
  • GLOBAL
  • GRANT
  • GRANTS

H

  • HANDLER
  • HASH
  • HEADER (M)
  • HISTORY
  • HOUR

I

  • IDENTIFIED
  • IMPORT
  • INCREMENT (M)
  • INDEXES
  • INLINE (M)
  • INPLACE (M)
  • INSERT_METHOD
  • INSTANT (M)
  • INT
  • INTEGER
  • INVISIBLE
  • INVOKER
  • ISOLATION
  • ISSUER
  • IVFFLAT (M)

J

  • JSON
  • JSONTYPE (M)

K

  • KEY_BLOCK_SIZE
  • KEYS

L

  • LANGUAGE
  • LAST
  • LESS
  • LEVEL
  • LINEAR
  • LINESTRING
  • LIST
  • LISTS (M)
  • LOCAL
  • LOCKS
  • LONGBLOB
  • LONGTEXT
  • LOW_CARDINALITY (M)

M

  • MANAGE (M)
  • MASTER
  • MAX_CONNECTIONS_PER_HOUR
  • MAX_FILE_SIZE (M)
  • MAX_QUERIES_PER_HOUR
  • MAX_ROWS
  • MAX_UPDATE_PER_HOUR (M)
  • MAX_USER_CONNECTIONS
  • MEDIAN (M)
  • MEDIUMBLOB
  • MEDIUMINT
  • MEDIUMTEXT
  • MEMORY
  • MERGE
  • MICROSECOND
  • MIN_ROWS
  • MINUTE
  • MINVALUE (M)
  • MODE
  • MODIFY
  • MODUMP (M)
  • MONTH
  • MULTILINESTRING
  • MULTIPOINT
  • MULTIPOLYGON
  • MYSQL_COMPATIBILITY_MODE (M)

N

  • NAMES
  • NCHAR
  • NEVER
  • NEXT
  • NO
  • NODE (M)
  • NONE
  • NULLS
  • NUMERIC

O

  • OFFSET
  • ONLY
  • OP_TYPE (M)
  • OPEN
  • OPTIMIZE
  • OPTION
  • OPTIONAL
  • OWNERSHIP (M)

P

  • PACK_KEYS
  • PARALLEL (M)
  • PARALLELISM (M)
  • PARSER
  • PARTIAL
  • PARTITIONS
  • PASSWORD
  • PASSWORD_LOCK_TIME
  • PAUSE (M)
  • PERCENT (M)
  • PERSIST
  • PLUGINS
  • POINT
  • POLYGON
  • PRECEDING
  • PREPARE
  • PREV
  • PRIVILEGES
  • PROCEDURE
  • PROCESSLIST
  • PROFILES
  • PROPERTIES (M)
  • PROXY
  • PUBLICATION (M)
  • PUBLICATIONS (M)
  • PUMP (M)

Q

  • QUARTER
  • QUERY
  • QUERY_RESULT (M)

R

  • RANDOM
  • RANGE
  • READ
  • REAL
  • REDUNDANT
  • REFERENCE
  • RELEASE
  • RELOAD
  • REORGANIZE
  • REPAIR
  • REPEATABLE
  • REPLICATION
  • RESET
  • RESTRICT
  • RESTRICTED (M)
  • RESUME
  • RETURNS
  • REUSE
  • REVERSE
  • REVOKE
  • ROLE
  • ROLES (M)
  • ROLLBACK
  • ROUTINE
  • ROW_COUNT
  • ROW_FORMAT
  • RTREE

S

  • S3OPTION (M)
  • SAMPLE (M)
  • SAN (M)
  • SECOND
  • SECONDARY
  • SECONDARY_ENGINE_ATTRIBUTE
  • SECURITY
  • SEQUENCE (M)
  • SEQUENCES (M)
  • SERIALIZABLE
  • SERVERS (M)
  • SESSION
  • SHARE
  • SHARED (M)
  • SHUTDOWN
  • SIGNED
  • SIMPLE
  • SLAVE
  • SLIDING (M)
  • SMALLINT
  • SNAPSHOT
  • SOME
  • SOURCE
  • SPATIAL
  • SQL
  • SQL_CACHE
  • SQL_NO_CACHE
  • SQL_TSI_DAY
  • SQL_TSI_HOUR
  • SQL_TSI_MINUTE
  • SQL_TSI_MONTH
  • SQL_TSI_QUARTER
  • SQL_TSI_SECOND
  • SQL_TSI_WEEK
  • SQL_TSI_YEAR
  • STAGE (M)
  • STAGEOPTION (M)
  • STAGES (M)
  • START
  • STATS_AUTO_RECALC
  • STATS_PERSISTENT
  • STATS_SAMPLE_PAGES
  • STATUS
  • STORAGE
  • STREAM
  • SUBJECT
  • SUBPARTITION
  • SUBPARTITIONS
  • SUBSCRIPTIONS (M)
  • SUPER
  • SUSPEND

T

  • TABLE_NUMBER (M)
  • TABLE_SIZE (M)
  • TABLE_VALUES (M)
  • TABLES
  • TABLESPACE
  • TASK (M)
  • TEMPTABLE
  • TEXT
  • THAN
  • TIME
  • TIMESTAMP
  • TINYBLOB
  • TINYINT
  • TINYTEXT
  • TRANSACTION
  • TRIGGER
  • TRIGGERS
  • TRUNCATE
  • TYPE

U

  • UNBOUNDED
  • UNCOMMITTED
  • UNDEFINED
  • UNKNOWN
  • UNLOCK
  • UNSIGNED
  • URL
  • USER
  • UUID (M)

V

  • VALIDATION
  • VALUE
  • VARBINARY
  • VARCHAR
  • VARIABLES
  • VECF32 (M)
  • VECF64 (M)
  • VERBOSE (M)
  • VIEW
  • VISIBLE

W

  • WARNINGS
  • WEEK
  • WITHOUT
  • WORK
  • WRITE

X

  • X509

Y

  • YEAR

Z

  • ZEROFILL
  • ZONEMAP (M)