关键字

本章介绍 MatrixOne 的关键字，在 MatrixOne 中对保留关键字和非保留关键字进行了分类，你在使用 SQL 语句时，可以查阅保留关键字和非保留关键字。

关键字是 SQL 语句中具有特殊含义的单词，例如 SELECT，UPDATE，DELETE 等等。

保留关键字：关键字中需要经过特殊处理才能作为标识符的字，被称为保留关键字。

将保留关键字作为标识符使用时，必须使用反引号包裹，否则将产生报错：

\\未将保留关键字 select 使用反引号包裹，产生报错
mysql> CREATE TABLE select (a INT);
ERROR 1064 (HY000): SQL parser error: You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MatrixOne server version for the right syntax to use. syntax error at line 1 column 19 near " select (a INT)";

\\正确将保留关键字 select 使用反引号包裹
mysql> CREATE TABLE `select` (a INT);
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)

非保留关键字：关键字中可以直接作为标识符，被称为非保留关键字。

将非保留关键字作为标识符使用时，可以直接使用，无需使用反引号包裹。

\\ACCOUNT 为非保留关键字，可以无需使用反引号包裹
mysql> CREATE TABLE `select` (ACCOUNT int);
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

Note

与 MySQL 不同，在 MatrixOne 中，如果使用了限定符.，保留关键字如果不使用反引号包裹也会产生报错，建议在创建表和数据库时，避免使用保留关键字：

mysql> CREATE TABLE test.select (ACCOUNT int);
ERROR 1064 (HY000): SQL parser error: You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MatrixOne server version for the right syntax to use. syntax error at line 1 column 24 near "select (ACCOUNT int)";

下面的列表显示了 Matrixone 中的保留关键字和非保留关键字，其中，在 MySQL 中不为关键字的用 (M) 标记。

保留关键字

A

ADD
ALL
ALTER
ANALYZE
AND
AS
ASC

B

BEGIN
BETWEEN
BINARY
BOTH
BY

C

CALL
CASE
CHANGE
CHAR
CHARACTER
CHECK
COLLATE
COLUMN
CONFIG (M)
CONSTRAINT
CONVERT
CREATE
CROSS
CURRENT_DATE
CURRENT_ROLE (M)
CURRENT_TIME
CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
CURRENT_USER

D

DATABASE
DATABASES
DAY_HOUR
DAY_MICROSECOND
DAY_MINUTE
DAY_SECOND
DECLARE
DEFAULT
DELAYED
DELETE
DENSE_RANK
DESC
DESCRIBE
DISTINCT
DIV
DROP

E

ELSE
ELSEIF
ENCLOSED
END
ESCAPE
ESCAPED
EXCEPT
EXISTS
EXPLAIN

F

FALSE (M)
FOR
FORCE
FOREIGN
FROM
FULLTEXT
FUNCTION

G

GROUP
GROUPS

H

HAVING
HIGH_PRIORITY
HOUR_MICROSECOND
HOUR_MINUTE
HOUR_SECOND

I

IF
IGNORE
ILIKE (M)
IN
INDEX
INFILE
INNER
INOUT
INSERT
INT1
INT2
INT3
INT4
INT8
INTERSECT
INTERVAL
INTO
IS
ITERATE

J

JOIN

K

KEY
KILL

L

LEADING
LEAVE
LEFT
LIKE
LIMIT
LINES
LOAD
LOCALTIME
LOCALTIMESTAMP
LOCK
LOOP
LOW_PRIORITY

M

MATCH
MAXVALUE
MINUS (M)
MINUTE_MICROSECOND
MINUTE_SECOND
MOD

N

NATURAL
NOT
NULL

O

ON
OPTIONALLY
OR
ORDER
OUT
OUTER
OUTFILE
OVER

P

PARTITION
PRIMARY

Q

QUICK

R

RANK
RECURSIVE
REFERENCES
REGEXP
RENAME
REPEAT
REPLACE
REQUIRE
RIGHT
RLIKE
ROW
ROW_NUMBER
ROWS

S

SCHEMA
SCHEMAS
SECOND_MICROSECOND
SELECT
SEPARATOR
SET
SHOW
SQL_BIG_RESULT
SQL_BUFFER_RESULT
SQL_SMALL_RESULT
SSL
STARTING
STRAIGHT_JOIN

T

TABLE
TEMPORARY
TERMINATED
THEN
TO
TRAILING
TRUE (M)

U

UNION
UNIQUE
UNTIL
UPDATE
USAGE
USE
USING
UTC_DATE
UTC_TIME
UTC_TIMESTAMP

V

VALUES

W

WHEN
WHERE
WHILE
WITH

X

XOR

Y

YEAR_MONTH

_

_BINARY (M)

非保留关键字

A

ACCOUNT
ACCOUNTS (M)
ACTION
ADMIN_NAME (M)
AFTER
AGAINST
ALGORITHM
ANY
ASCII
ATTRIBUTE
AUTO_INCREMENT
AUTO_RANDOM (M)
AUTOEXTEND_SIZE
AVG_ROW_LENGTH

B

BACKEND (M)
BACKUP
BIGINT
BINDINGS (M)
BIT
BLOB
BOOL
BOOLEAN
BSI (M)
BTREE

C

CANCEL (M)
CASCADE
CASCADED
CHAIN
CHARSET
CHECKSUM
CIPHER
CLIENT
CLUSTER (M)
COALESCE
COLLATION
COLUMN_FORMAT
COLUMN_NUMBER (M)
COLUMNS
COMMENT
COMMIT
COMMITTED
COMPACT
COMPRESSED
COMPRESSION
CONNECT (M)
CONNECTION
CONNECTOR (M)
CONNECTORS (M)
CONSISTENT
COPY (M)
CREDENTIALS (M)
CURRENT
CYCLE (M)

D

DAEMON (M)
DATA
DATE
DATETIME
DAY
DEALLOCATE
DECIMAL
DEFINER
DELAY_KEY_WRITE
DIRECTORY
DISABLE
DISCARD
DISK
DO
DOUBLE
DRAINER (M)
DUPLICATE
DYNAMIC

E

ENABLE
ENCRYPTION
ENFORCED
ENGINE
ENGINE_ATTRIBUTE
ENGINES
ENUM
ERRORS
EVENT
EVENTS
EXCLUSIVE (M)
EXECUTE
EXPANSION (M)
EXPIRE
EXTENDED
EXTENSION
EXTERNAL (M)

F

FAILED_LOGIN_ATTEMPTS
FIELDS
FILE
FILESYSTEM (M)
FILL (M)
FIRST
FIXED
FLOAT
FOLLOWING
FORCE_QUOTE (M)
FORMAT
FULL

G

GEOMETRY
GEOMETRYCOLLECTION
GLOBAL
GRANT
GRANTS

H

HANDLER
HASH
HEADER (M)
HISTORY
HOUR

I

IDENTIFIED
IMPORT
INCREMENT (M)
INDEXES
INLINE (M)
INPLACE (M)
INSERT_METHOD
INSTANT (M)
INT
INTEGER
INVISIBLE
INVOKER
ISOLATION
ISSUER
IVFFLAT (M)

J

JSON
JSONTYPE (M)

K

KEY_BLOCK_SIZE
KEYS

L

LANGUAGE
LAST
LESS
LEVEL
LINEAR
LINESTRING
LIST
LISTS (M)
LOCAL
LOCKS
LONGBLOB
LONGTEXT
LOW_CARDINALITY (M)

M

MANAGE (M)
MASTER
MAX_CONNECTIONS_PER_HOUR
MAX_FILE_SIZE (M)
MAX_QUERIES_PER_HOUR
MAX_ROWS
MAX_UPDATE_PER_HOUR (M)
MAX_USER_CONNECTIONS
MEDIAN (M)
MEDIUMBLOB
MEDIUMINT
MEDIUMTEXT
MEMORY
MERGE
MICROSECOND
MIN_ROWS
MINUTE
MINVALUE (M)
MODE
MODIFY
MODUMP (M)
MONTH
MULTILINESTRING
MULTIPOINT
MULTIPOLYGON
MYSQL_COMPATIBILITY_MODE (M)

N

NAMES
NCHAR
NEVER
NEXT
NO
NODE (M)
NONE
NULLS
NUMERIC

O

OFFSET
ONLY
OP_TYPE (M)
OPEN
OPTIMIZE
OPTION
OPTIONAL
OWNERSHIP (M)

P

PACK_KEYS
PARALLEL (M)
PARALLELISM (M)
PARSER
PARTIAL
PARTITIONS
PASSWORD
PASSWORD_LOCK_TIME
PAUSE (M)
PERCENT (M)
PERSIST
PLUGINS
POINT
POLYGON
PRECEDING
PREPARE
PREV
PRIVILEGES
PROCEDURE
PROCESSLIST
PROFILES
PROPERTIES (M)
PROXY
PUBLICATION (M)
PUBLICATIONS (M)
PUMP (M)

Q

QUARTER
QUERY
QUERY_RESULT (M)

R

RANDOM
RANGE
READ
REAL
REDUNDANT
REFERENCE
RELEASE
RELOAD
REORGANIZE
REPAIR
REPEATABLE
REPLICATION
RESET
RESTRICT
RESTRICTED (M)
RESUME
RETURNS
REUSE
REVERSE
REVOKE
ROLE
ROLES (M)
ROLLBACK
ROUTINE
ROW_COUNT
ROW_FORMAT
RTREE

S

S3OPTION (M)
SAMPLE (M)
SAN (M)
SECOND
SECONDARY
SECONDARY_ENGINE_ATTRIBUTE
SECURITY
SEQUENCE (M)
SEQUENCES (M)
SERIALIZABLE
SERVERS (M)
SESSION
SHARE
SHARED (M)
SHUTDOWN
SIGNED
SIMPLE
SLAVE
SLIDING (M)
SMALLINT
SNAPSHOT
SOME
SOURCE
SPATIAL
SQL
SQL_CACHE
SQL_NO_CACHE
SQL_TSI_DAY
SQL_TSI_HOUR
SQL_TSI_MINUTE
SQL_TSI_MONTH
SQL_TSI_QUARTER
SQL_TSI_SECOND
SQL_TSI_WEEK
SQL_TSI_YEAR
STAGE (M)
STAGEOPTION (M)
STAGES (M)
START
STATS_AUTO_RECALC
STATS_PERSISTENT
STATS_SAMPLE_PAGES
STATUS
STORAGE
STREAM
SUBJECT
SUBPARTITION
SUBPARTITIONS
SUBSCRIPTIONS (M)
SUPER
SUSPEND

T

TABLE_NUMBER (M)
TABLE_SIZE (M)
TABLE_VALUES (M)
TABLES
TABLESPACE
TASK (M)
TEMPTABLE
TEXT
THAN
TIME
TIMESTAMP
TINYBLOB
TINYINT
TINYTEXT
TRANSACTION
TRIGGER
TRIGGERS
TRUNCATE
TYPE

U

UNBOUNDED
UNCOMMITTED
UNDEFINED
UNKNOWN
UNLOCK
UNSIGNED
URL
USER
UUID (M)

V

VALIDATION
VALUE
VARBINARY
VARCHAR
VARIABLES
VECF32 (M)
VECF64 (M)
VERBOSE (M)
VIEW
VISIBLE

W

WARNINGS
WEEK
WITHOUT
WORK
WRITE

X

X509

Y

YEAR

Z

ZEROFILL
ZONEMAP (M)