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DATE_FORMAT()

Description

Formats the date value according to the format string. If either argument is NULL, the function returns NULL.

DATE_FORMAT() returns a string with a character set and collation given by character_set_connection and collation_connection so that it can return month and weekday names containing non-ASCII characters.

Syntax

> DATE_FORMAT(date,format)

Arguments

Arguments Description
date Required. The date to be formatted.
format Required. The format to use. Can be one or a combination of the following values as the below table:

Format Specifier

Info

The specifiers shown in the following table may be used in the format string. The % character is required before format specifier characters. The specifiers apply to other functions as well as UNIX_TIMESTAMP().

Specifier Description
%a Abbreviated weekday name (Sun..Sat)
%b Abbreviated month name (Jan..Dec)
%c Month, numeric (0..12)
%D Day of the month with English suffix (0th, 1st, 2nd, 3rd, …)
%d Day of the month, numeric (00..31)
%e Day of the month, numeric (0..31)
%f Microseconds (000000..999999)
%H Hour (00..23)
%h Hour (01..12)
%I Hour (01..12)
%i Minutes, numeric (00..59)
%j Day of year (001..366)
%k Hour (0..23)
%l Hour (1..12)
%M Month name (January..December)
%m Month, numeric (00..12)
%p AM or PM
%r Time, 12-hour (hh:mm:ss followed by AM or PM)
%S Seconds (00..59)
%s Seconds (00..59)
%T Time, 24-hour (hh:mm:ss)
%U Week (00..53), where Sunday is the first day of the week; WEEK() mode 0
%u Week (00..53), where Monday is the first day of the week; WEEK() mode 1
%V Week (01..53), where Sunday is the first day of the week; WEEK() mode 2; used with %X
%v Week (01..53), where Monday is the first day of the week; WEEK() mode 3; used with %x
%W Weekday name (Sunday..Saturday)
%w Day of the week (0=Sunday..6=Saturday)
%X Year for the week where Sunday is the first day of the week, numeric, four digits; used with %V
%x Year for the week, where Monday is the first day of the week, numeric, four digits; used with %v
%Y Year, numeric, four digits
%y Year, numeric (two digits)
%% A literal % character
%x x, for any "x" not listed above

Examples

mysql> SELECT DATE_FORMAT('2009-10-04 22:23:00', '%W %M %Y');
+--------------------------------------------+
| date_format(2009-10-04 22:23:00, %W %M %Y) |
+--------------------------------------------+
| Sunday October 2009                        |
+--------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)

mysql> SELECT DATE_FORMAT('2007-10-04 22:23:00', '%H:%i:%s');
+--------------------------------------------+
| date_format(2007-10-04 22:23:00, %H:%i:%s) |
+--------------------------------------------+
| 22:23:00                                   |
+--------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.02 sec)

mysql> SELECT Date_format('1900-10-04 22:23:00', '%D %y %a %d %m %b %j');
+--------------------------------------------------------+
| date_format(1900-10-04 22:23:00, %D %y %a %d %m %b %j) |
+--------------------------------------------------------+
| 4th 00 Thu 04 10 Oct 277                               |
+--------------------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)

mysql> SELECT DATE_FORMAT('1997-10-04 22:23:00', '%H %k %I %r %T %S %w');
+--------------------------------------------------------+
| date_format(1997-10-04 22:23:00, %H %k %I %r %T %S %w) |
+--------------------------------------------------------+
| 22 22 10 10:23:00 PM 22:23:00 00 6                     |
+--------------------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)

mysql> SELECT DATE_FORMAT('1999-01-01', '%X %V');
+--------------------------------+
| date_format(1999-01-01, %X %V) |
+--------------------------------+
| 1998 52                        |
+--------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

CREATE TABLE t2 (f1 DATETIME);
INSERT INTO t2 (f1) VALUES ('2005-01-01');
INSERT INTO t2 (f1) VALUES ('2005-02-01');

mysql> SELECT Date_format(f1, "%m") AS d1,
         Date_format(f1, "%m") AS d2
  FROM   t2
  ORDER  BY Date_format(f1, "%m");
  +------+------+
  | d1   | d2   |
  +------+------+
  | 01   | 01   |
  | 02   | 02   |
  +------+------+
  2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

CREATE TABLE t5 (a int, b date);
INSERT INTO t5
  VALUES    (1,
             '2000-02-05'),
            (2,
             '2000-10-08'),
            (3,
             '2005-01-03'),
            (4,
             '2007-09-01'),
            (5,
             '2022-01-01');

mysql> SELECT * FROM   t5
  WHERE  b = Date_format('20000205', '%Y-%m-%d');
+------+------------+
| a    | b          |
+------+------------+
|    1 | 2000-02-05 |
+------+------------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)

mysql> SELECT * FROM t5
  WHERE  b != Date_format('20000205', '%Y-%m-%d');
+------+------------+
| a    | b          |
+------+------------+
|    2 | 2000-10-08 |
|    3 | 2005-01-03 |
|    4 | 2007-09-01 |
|    5 | 2022-01-01 |
+------+------------+
4 rows in set (0.01 sec)

mysql> SELECT DATE_FORMAT("2009-01-01",'%W %d %M %Y') as valid_date;
+--------------------------+
| valid_date               |
+--------------------------+
| Thursday 01 January 2009 |
+--------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

Constraints

The date type supports only yyyy-mm-dd and yyyymmdd for now.