NOT IN
Description
The NOT IN operator allows you to specify multiple values in a WHERE clause. And it's a shorthand for multiple XOR conditions.
Syntax
> SELECT column1, column2, ...
FROM table_name
WHERE column_name NOT IN (value1, value2, ...);
Examples
create table t2(a int,b varchar(5),c float, d date, e datetime);
insert into t2 values(1,'a',1.001,'2022-02-08','2022-02-08 12:00:00');
insert into t2 values(2,'b',2.001,'2022-02-09','2022-02-09 12:00:00');
insert into t2 values(1,'c',3.001,'2022-02-10','2022-02-10 12:00:00');
insert into t2 values(4,'d',4.001,'2022-02-11','2022-02-11 12:00:00');
mysql> select * from t2 where a not in (2,4);
+------+------+-------+------------+----------------------------+
| a | b | c | d | e |
+------+------+-------+------------+----------------------------+
| 1 | a | 1.001 | 2022-02-08 | 2022-02-08 12:00:00.000000 |
| 1 | c | 3.001 | 2022-02-10 | 2022-02-10 12:00:00.000000 |
+------+------+-------+------------+----------------------------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from t2 where b not in ('e',"f");
+------+------+-------+------------+----------------------------+
| a | b | c | d | e |
+------+------+-------+------------+----------------------------+
| 1 | a | 1.001 | 2022-02-08 | 2022-02-08 12:00:00.000000 |
| 2 | b | 2.001 | 2022-02-09 | 2022-02-09 12:00:00.000000 |
| 1 | c | 3.001 | 2022-02-10 | 2022-02-10 12:00:00.000000 |
| 4 | d | 4.001 | 2022-02-11 | 2022-02-11 12:00:00.000000 |
+------+------+-------+------------+----------------------------+
4 rows in set (0.01 sec)
mysql> select * from t2 where e not in ('2022-02-09 12:00:00') and a in (4,5);
a b c d e
4 d 4.0010 2022-02-11 2022-02-11 12:00:00
Constraints
- Currently, only constant lists are supported on the left side of
NOT IN. - There can only be a single column to the left of
NOT IN, not a tuple of multiple columns. NULLvalues couldn't appear in the list to the right ofNOT IN.