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Subqueries with IN

Grammar Description

Subqueries can be used with the IN operator to query data within a range as "expression IN (subquery). The subquery should return a single column with one or more rows to form a list of values ​​used by the IN operation.

Use the IN clause for multi-record and single-column subqueries. After the subquery returns the results introduced by IN or NOT IN, external queries use them to return the final result.

  • If there are matching rows in the subquery result, the result is TRUE.

  • If the subquery result is NULL, the result is false.

  • If there are no matching rows in the subquery result, the result is also FALSE.

  • If all values ​​in the subquery result are NULL, the result is false.

Grammar Structure

> SELECT ... FROM table_name WHERE column_name IN (subquery)

Example

create table t1(val varchar(10));
insert into t1 values ​​('aaa'), ('bbb'),('ee'),('mmm'),('ppp');

mysql> select count(*) from t1 as w1 where w1.val in (select w2.val from t1 as w2 where w2.val like 'm%') and w1.val in (select w3.val from t1 as w3 where w3.val like 'e%');
+-------------+
| count(*) |
+-------------+
| 0 |
+-------------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)

create table t1 (id int not null, text varchar(20) not null default '', primary key (id));
insert into t1 (id, text) values ​​(1, 'text1'), (2, 'text2'), (3, 'text3'), (4, 'text4'), (5, 'text5'), (6, 'text6'), (7, 'text7'), (8, 'text8'), (9, 'text9'), (10, 'text10'), (11, 'text11'), (12, 'text12');

mysql> select * from t1 where id not in (select id from t1 where id < 8);
+------+---------+
| id | text |
+------+---------+
| 8 | text8 |
| 9 | text9 |
| 10 | text10 |
| 11 | text11 |
| 12 | text12 |
+------+---------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

CREATE TABLE t1 (a int);
CREATE TABLE t2 (a int, b int);
CREATE TABLE t3 (b int NOT NULL);
INSERT INTO t1 VALUES (1), (2), (3), (4);
INSERT INTO t2 VALUES (1,10), (3,30);

mysql> select * from t1 where t1.a in (SELECT t1.a FROM t1 LEFT JOIN t2 ON t2.a=t1.a);
+------+
| a |
+------+
| 1 |
| 2 |
| 3 |
| 4 |
+------+
4 rows in set (0.01 sec)

mysql> SELECT * FROM t2 LEFT JOIN t3 ON t2.b=t3.b WHERE t3.b IS NOT NULL OR t2.a > 10;
Empty set (0.01 sec)
mysql> SELECT * FROM t1 WHERE t1.a NOT IN (SELECT a FROM t2 LEFT JOIN t3 ON t2.b=t3.b WHERE t3.b IS NOT NULL OR t2.a > 10);
+------+
| a |
+------+
| 1 |
| 2 |
| 3 |
| 4 |
+------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

create table t1 (a int);
create table t2 (a int, b int);
create table t3 (a int);
create table t4 (a int not null, b int not null);
create table t5 (a int);
create table t6 (a int, b int);
insert into t1 values ​​(2);
insert into t2 values ​​(1,7),(2,7);
insert into t4 values ​​(4,8),(3,8),(5,9);
insert into t5 values ​​(null);
insert into t3 values ​​(6),(7),(3);
insert into t6 values ​​(10,7),(null,7);

mysql> select a,b from t6 where (a,b) in ( select a,b from t4 where a>3);
Empty set (0.02 sec)